[242], The United States had a life expectancy of 78.6 years at birth in 2017, which was the third year of declines in life expectancy following decades of continuous increase. Of those impoverished, 18.5 million live in deep poverty (family income below one-half of the poverty threshold) and over five million live "in 'Third World' conditions". [69] The Christian revivalist movement of the 1730s and 1740s known as the Great Awakening fueled interest both in religion and in religious liberty. [199] Altogether, the government owns about 28% of the country's land area,[200] mostly in the western states. Although little known at the time, Charles Ives's work of the 1910s established him as the first major U.S. composer in the classical tradition, while experimentalists such as Henry Cowell and John Cage created a distinctive American approach to classical composition. [230], According to the American Community Survey, in 2010 some 229 million people (out of the total U.S. population of 308 million) spoke only English at home. [186] The Sierra Nevada and Cascade mountain ranges run close to the Pacific coast, both ranges reaching altitudes higher than 14,000 feet (4,300 m). [384] 74% of full-time American workers get paid sick leave, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, although only 24% of part-time workers get the same benefits. [136] A proxy war in Southeast Asia eventually evolved into the Vietnam War (1955–1975), with full American participation.[137]. The U.S. ranks high in international measures of economic freedom, lack of government corruption, quality of life, and quality of higher education. Seu nome oficial é Comunidade da Virgínia (em inglês: Commonwealth of Virginia).Foi a primeira área do país a ser colonizada pelos britânicos. [164], Government policy designed to promote affordable housing,[165] widespread failures in corporate and regulatory governance,[166] and historically low interest rates set by the Federal Reserve[167] led to the mid-2000s housing bubble, which culminated with the 2008 financial crisis, the nation's largest economic contraction since the Great Depression. The official WRA record from 1946 state it was 120,000 people. After his election as president in 1932, Franklin D. Roosevelt responded with the New Deal. [443] Americans are extremely charitable by global standards: according to a 2006 British study, Americans gave 1.67% of GDP to charity, more than any other nation studied. In the early 20th century, the automobile companies of Ransom E. Olds and Henry Ford popularized the assembly line. Clima; Noticias; Vídeos; Avisos; Radar; Mapas; Satélites; Modelos; Mundo °C. However, the Senate refused to approve this and did not ratify the Treaty of Versailles that established the League of Nations. [381] In August 2010, the American labor force consisted of 154.1 million people (50%). [138] Construction of an Interstate Highway System transformed the nation's infrastructure over the following decades. [294] The president serves a four-year term and may be elected to the office no more than twice. It is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council. Each state has presidential electors equal to the number of their representatives and senators in Congress; the District of Columbia has three (because of the 23rd Amendment). Advancements by American microprocessor companies such as Advanced Micro Devices (AMD) and Intel, along with both computer software and hardware companies such as Adobe Systems, Apple Inc., IBM, Microsoft, and Sun Microsystems, created and popularized the personal computer. Esta página foi editada pela última vez às 02h59min de 21 de setembro de 2020. [429], The civil airline industry is entirely privately owned and has been largely deregulated since 1978, while most major airports are publicly owned. [347] Defense's share of the overall U.S. economy has generally declined in recent decades, from early Cold War peaks of 14.2% of GDP in 1953 and 69.5% of federal spending in 1954 to 4.7% of GDP and 18.8% of federal spending in 2011. [29], A citizen of the United States is an "American". [426] The United States has the world's second-largest automobile market,[427] and has the highest vehicle ownership per capita in the world, with 816.4 vehicles per 1,000 Americans (2014). [129][130] The United States eventually developed the first nuclear weapons and used them on Japan in the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki; the Japanese surrendered on September 2, ending World War II. [121] Although Japan attacked the United States first, the U.S. nonetheless pursued a "Europe first" defense policy. All laws and governmental procedures are subject to judicial review and any law ruled by the courts to be in violation of the Constitution is voided. [192] States bordering the Gulf of Mexico are prone to hurricanes, and most of the world's tornadoes occur in the country, mainly in Tornado Alley areas in the Midwest and South. [173], In the presidential election of 2016, Republican Donald Trump was elected as the 45th president of the United States. Estados Unidos. [263], American public education is operated by state and local governments and regulated by the United States Department of Education through restrictions on federal grants. [264], About 12% of children are enrolled in parochial or nonsectarian private schools. ", "African-American Economic Gains Reversed By Great Recession", "Long Time Coming: Why Health Reform Finally Passed", "First Case of 2019 Novel Coronavirus in the United States", "Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the U.S.", "Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Situation Report – 89", "State Area Measurements and Internal Point Coordinates—Geography—U.S. [420][421][422] The economic impact and mass unemployment caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has raised fears of a mass eviction crisis,[423] with an analysis by the Aspen Institute indicating that between 30 and 40 million people are at risk for eviction by the end of 2020. By value, the United States is the world's largest importer and the second-largest exporter of goods. [356] About 9% of prisoners are held in privatized prisons,[354] a practice beginning in the 1980s and a subject of contention. [345], The United States spent $649 billion on its military in 2019, 36% of global military spending. history. While most major U.S. sports such as baseball and American football have evolved out of European practices, basketball, volleyball, skateboarding, and snowboarding are American inventions, some of which have become popular worldwide. [95] With the 1860 election of Republican Abraham Lincoln, conventions in thirteen slave states declared secession and formed the Confederate States of America (the "South" or the "Confederacy"), while the federal government (the "Union") maintained that secession was illegal. [326], Taxation in the United States is progressive,[327][328] and is levied at the federal, state, and local government levels. For the landmass comprising North, Central, South America, and the Caribbean, see, Indigenous peoples and pre-Columbian history, Further immigration, expansion, and industrialization, World War I, Great Depression, and World War II, Territory date is the date the territory was acquired by the United States, except for, Areas of the 50 states and the District of Columbia but not Puerto Rico nor other island territories per, Heinemann, Ronald L., et al., Old Dominion, New Commonwealth: a history of Virginia 1607–2007, 2007, Paige Meltzer, "The Pulse and Conscience of America" The General Federation and Women's Citizenship, 1945–1960,", George B. Tindall, "Business Progressivism: Southern Politics in the Twenties,". Fearing the spread of instability, in August President George H. W. Bush launched and led the Gulf War against Iraq; waged until January 1991 by coalition forces from 34 nations, it ended in the expulsion of Iraqi forces from Kuwait and restoration of the monarchy. [358][359][360] In 2019, the country had the sixth-highest number of executions in the world, following China, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Iraq, and Egypt. Irreconcilable sectional conflict regarding the slavery of Africans and African Americans ultimately led to the American Civil War. [184] The Mississippi–Missouri River, the world's fourth longest river system, runs mainly north–south through the heart of the country. [107] The U.S. Virgin Islands were purchased from Denmark in 1917. [265] The U.S. spends more on education per student than any nation in the world,[266] spending an average of $12,794 per year on public elementary and secondary school students in the 2016–2017 school year. It is one of the most racially and ethnically diverse nations in the world. [40] Most prominent along the Atlantic coast were the Algonquian tribes, who practiced hunting and trapping, along with limited cultivation. ", "Educational Attainment in the United States: 2003", A First Look at the Literacy of America's Adults in the 21st century, "Top 200—The Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2010–2011", "Academic Ranking of World Universities 2014", "U21 Ranking of National Higher Education Systems 2019 | Universitas 21", "U.S. education spending tops global list, study shows", "Student Loan Debt Exceeds One Trillion Dollars", "Student loan crisis threatens a generation's American dream", "Common Core Document of the United States of America", "United States Doesn't Even Make Top 20 on Global Democracy Index", "Watch John Oliver Cast His Ballot for Voting Rights for U.S. [160], On September 11, 2001, Al-Qaeda terrorist hijackers flew passenger planes into the World Trade Center in New York City and the Pentagon near Washington, D.C., killing nearly 3,000 people. Why is it falling behind? [161] In response, the United States launched the War on Terror, which included a war in Afghanistan and the 2003–11 Iraq War. [93] After the Civil War, new transcontinental railways made relocation easier for settlers, expanded internal trade and increased conflicts with Native Americans. Dos zonas con posible desarrollo tropical, Así ha avanzado el agujero de la capa de ozono en los últimos años, La noche de Halloween coincidirá con una gran luna azul, La impactante persecución de un tiburón blanco a este surfista, El contagio de COVID en interiores es mayor de lo esperado, Desde que el virus nos encerró, los pájaros cantan distinto, Los efectos del huracán Delta, en imágenes, Huracán Delta llega a México con vientos destructivos de 220 km/h, Se forma la tormenta tropical Epsilon que se convertirá en huracán en las próximas horas, Clima.com, Pelmorex Weather Networks 2020. The District of Columbia and the five major U.S. territories each have one member of Congress—these members are not allowed to vote. [124][125] Although the nation lost around 400,000 military personnel,[126] it emerged relatively undamaged from the war with even greater economic and military influence. Among the D.C. mayor and the five territorial governors, there are four Democrats, one Republican, and one New Progressive.[312].
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